PHN 652 Assignment Data Collection Method
PHN 652 Assignment Data Collection Method
PHN 652 Assignment Data Collection Method
Introduction
Qualitative data collection techniques serve the fundamental purpose of collecting textual processed data for research and evaluation. The collected research data is used to scrutinize learning around a particular issue or activity, the experience of a population, meaning and relationships, and social norms and contextual or cultural practices demeaning people or impacting a cause (Cypress, 2018). This essay is determined to discuss three qualitative data collection methods and when each technique would be used.
Methods of Quantitative Data Collection
Qualitative data collection techniques are exploratory, and they are usually more focused on gaining insights and understanding the underlying reasons by digging deeper. (Cypress,2018).
Face to face interview:
It is one of the most trusted, commonly used, and most familiar qualitative data collection techniques because of its perspective. A face-to-face interview is a direct interaction between two people with a particular structure and reason. The interview questionnaire is organized to elicit the interviewee’s knowledge or perspective related to a topic, program, or issue (Vadi et al. 2016).
When the Method Would Be Used
The face-to-face interview is an ideal qualitative data collection method, particularly when the researchers need highly personalized data from the respondents. (Vadi et al. 2016)
Focus group discussions:
Focus group discussions can also be viewed as a type of interview (Randmaa et al., 2017), but it is conducted in a group discussion environment. The scientist researchers ensure necessary space is given to the participants to discuss a subject or a contextual issue. The participants are free to either agree or disagree with each other’s views. (Randmaa et al. 2017)
When the Method Would Be Used
A focused group discussion is appropriate, especially when a researcher needs to know how a specific group of participants perceives the topic. The researcher analyzes what participants think of an issue, the range of opinions expressed, and the ideas discussed. (Randmaa et al. 2017)
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Observations:
Observation is a classical qualitative data collection technique used by researchers to gather illustrative text information by looking at people and their characters’ functions or in their native environment. In this method, the researcher is completely engrossed in watching or seeing people by taking a participatory stance to take down notes(Cypress,2018). Aside from taking notes, different methods like virtual audio recordings, tangible items like artifacts, and souvenirs are also used.
When the Method Would Be Used
It is more appropriate, especially when the researcher needs to research the continuing process, situation, or reactions on a particular issue related to the observed people (Vadi et al., 2016). Also, when the researcher wants to comprehend people’s traits or their way of living in a particular community or demographic.
Conclusion
The methods discussed, i.e., face-to-face interviews, focused group interviews, and observations, are the most extensively used qualitative data collection techniques. (Cypress,2018).
Reference
Cypress, B. (2018). Qualitative research methods: A phenomenological focus. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing, 37(6), 302-309. DOI: 10.1097/DCC.0000000000000322
Randmaa, M., Engström, M., Swenne, C. L., & Mårtensson, G. (2017). The postoperative handover: a focus group interview study with nurse anesthetists, anesthesiologists, and PACU nurses. BMJ Open, 7(8), e015038. doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015038
Vadi, M. G., Malkin, M. R., Lenart, J., Stier, G. R., Gatling, J. W., & Applegate II, R. L. (2016). Comparison of web-based and face-to-face interviews for application to an anesthesiology training program: a pilot study. International journal of medical education, 7, 102. doi.org/10.5116%2Fijme.56e5.491a