NUR 703 Discussion 2.1: Health Program Planning
NUR 703 Discussion 2.1: Health Program Planning
“Early Weight Watching” defines childhood obesity, enumerates youth considered obese in today’s population, and discusses the effects of childhood obesity on health short term and long term as obesity carries into adulthood. Strategies for maintaining a healthy lifestyle are also included. The “Logic Model” was chosen to guide this health program. The Logic Model ..”provides the underlying theory that drives the program design (Savage ,2020 p.111).” This approach is based on theoretical knowledge, and clearly defines resources, time, and expected outcomes of the program. Given what we know already about childhood obesity, we can use this model to identify resources, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impact the program will have once implemented. Before beginning program planning it’s important to understand the background of the population that will be included in the program. Therefore, a comprehensive community evaluation by the nurse is necessary. It should be determined “which age groups are we specifically targeting”, ” where are these individuals coming from” and especially “what are the characteristics of the community?” (i.e. low income, already obese, food deserted area).
One risk factor for childhood obesity is poor socioeconomic status. Related to poor socioeconomic status, a family may not have funds to provide healthy foods for their family. These people often lack education related to childhood obesity and it’s effects. As nurses in the community, we can provide education concerning portion control and exercise routine to reduce risk of obesity. Portion control and general nutrition information may be especially helpful for this group of they can’t necessarily afford “healthy food”. Learning to control the portions of what they can afford as well as organizing what they have into more nutrient dense meals would ultimately assist in decreasing obesity risk.
After education is complete, the nurse should ask the “student” , in this case the family, to explain in their own words what they have learned. This can be done at multiple stages throughout the teaching session, not just at the end. Based on the families response the nurse can tailor the education to points the family understands versus points that should be reinforced. Written materials may also be effective based on the learners literacy. To further evaluate effectiveness, a follow up may be conducted by the nurse at set intervals post education.
Ogden, C. (2020). Early Weight Watching. Public Health Media Library. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved October 20, 2021, from https://tools.cdc.gov/medialibrary/index.aspx#/media/id/353833.
Savage, C. L. (2020). Public/Community Health and Nursing Practice: Caring for populations. F.A. Davis Company.
Hello Rebecca, I agree with your risk factor for childhood obesity as well as the lack of education regarding the effects obesity has on the human body. Aside from a teach-back method to assess the knowledge obtained from the learner are there any other strategies that you have seen/ used to ensure the understanding is there? I do agree there is a lack of education regarding portion control as well, I have also noticed that our portion sizes in the USA are considerably different than that of other countries when visiting. What are your thoughts for having to systemically change the portion sizes as well as the options of foods in schools/ how would this change occur? I am interested to hear your thoughts on the matter. Thanks for sharing.
Hi Rebecca,
Food deserts are an enormous problem. A food desert is where access to affordable, healthy food is too far away for the consumer to purchase. Obesity is a problem here because if one cannot afford affordable healthy food or does not have the transportation or time to get to the grocery store, they are going to seek alternatives such as fast food which is cheap and easy to obtain.
For example, Whole Foods is not going to be built in an area of poor socio-economic status. It is not the target demographic of that grocery store. It will be built in a place where people can afford good, healthy food.
If people had access to healthy fruits and vegetables, they would prepare more nutritious meals.
Thank you for sharing,
Elena
Rebecca, thank you for the post. I appreciate your focus on education within the intervention for childhood obesity. However, as you mention it is the follow-up that is critical in impacting behaviors for the long term. Your idea to follow up at set intervals would be a valuable way of doing that.
It has been found that in a research study in 2018 where patients with hypertension were given education on caring for their disease process, without follow up as the control group, while other cohorts received follow up using a smartphone app in one arm and a telephone call follow-up in the other arm, found that the best outcomes were related to having follow-up (Najafi Ghezeljeh et al., 2018). It did not matter which of the two types of follow-up occurred—telephone or smartphone app (Najafi Ghezeljeh et al., 2018), just that there was follow-up was what moved the needle for this study’s participants.
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References
Najafi Ghezeljeh, T., Sharifian, S., Nasr Isfahani, M., & Haghani, H. (2018). Comparing the effects of education using telephone followup and smartphone-based social networking followup on self-management behaviors among patients with hypertension. Contemporary nurse, 54(4-5), 362-373.
Reflect: Hello, Rebecca; thank you for the informative post. I like the topic you chose as childhood obesity has been prevalent now. According to the center for diseases control and prevention (2021), the number of children with obesity concerns is 19% which is 1 out of every five children in the United States. Childhood obesity is associated with severe medical, psychological, and social consequences such as diabetes, asthma, sleep apnea, musculoskeletal distress, liver issues, hypertension, and high cholesterol, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, bullying (Floody et al., 2018)
Inquire: Do you think school policies can help combat this issue?
Suggest: Community involvement, including parents, teachers, and caregivers, will be essential in the plan implementation
Elevate: I enjoyed reading your post. As an add on to the information provided, perhaps in the future, you can also explore the “Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) model and MEND (Mind, Exercise, Nutrition, Do It!)” program developed by the CDC (2021)
References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, June 7). CDC Healthy Schools.
Floody, D., Caamaño-Navarrete, F., Martínez-Salazar, C., Jerez-Mayorga, D.,
I listened to Living in Pain which was about chronic pain. The doctor spoke on different ways to manage pain such as physical therapy, walking more, treating underlying anxiety and depression. He also mentioned that its important to focus on how to manage pain rather than getting completely rid of pain. I would choose PRECEDE-PROCEED model because it focuses on how to “positively change health behavior” (Savage, 2020). Internal and external motivators are what drives behaviors and behaviors drive our lifestyle habits. So, by targeting health behaviors it should be easier to pinpoint what controllable factors may lead to someone’s pain such a diet or weight. I would also collect data on what they have tried before and does not work before starting. A risk factor is keeping someone motivated and patient with finding what works for them. Psychotherapy could help them weigh out their risks and benefits of finding the best solution. Also, could teach them better coping mechanisms. Becker, et al stated that in their study “patients received $20 for participation” (Becker, et al, 2020). I believe that this could motivate people greater but money does not mean as much to some as to others. I would like for them to really gain something. The doctor mentioned physical activity, psych/physical/occupational therapy could help with pain management. I would evaluate the effectiveness by meeting with patients and staying consistent with non-pharmacological interventions to see what works the best. If one does not help at all by 2 weeks to a month then we will move on to try another.
References
Becker, W. C., Dorflinger, L., Edmond, S. N., Islam, L., Heapy, A. A. & Fraenkel, L. (2017). Barriers and facilitators to use of non-pharmacological treatments in chronic pain. BMC Family Practice 18, (41). DOI 10.1186/s12875-017-0608-2.
Savage, C. L. (2020) Public/Community Health and Nursing Practice: Caring for Populations (2nd edition). F.A. Davis Company
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