NUR 550 Discuss how to integrate appropriate information and communication technologies for the clinical preventative intervention in DQ 1 to improve nursing practice and care delivery for individuals and populations

It is true that vaccine is an important clinic intervention that has been used to keep generations alive and safe against viral infection and related health complications. However, getting the right vaccine to any particular health problem may tale a prolonged time. Much time is directed in the laboratory researching on the strain of the virus and the right vaccination strategies (Rosen et al., 2021). Also, there are chances that some vaccines may have other healthcare implications. Unfortunately, some vaccination programs have endangered the lives of vaccinated population. Therefore, to avert the negative effects of vaccination adequate time is taken to test and try vaccines before rolling out vaccination programs. Vaccines work by introducing a weakened form of a virus or bacteria into the body, which acts as an immunological call to action (Drolet et al., 2019). Vaccination can be taken different turns according to prescriptions. For instance, during the vaccination of COVID-19 it was prescribed to have at least three jabs within a specified time. Vaccines have been highly successful in preventing the spread of diseases such as polio, smallpox, and measles.

References

Drolet, M., Bénard, É., Pérez, N., Brisson, M., Ali, H., Boily, M. C., … & Yu, B. N. (2019). Population-level impact and herd effects following the introduction of human papillomavirus vaccination programmes: updated systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet, 394(10197), 497-509. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736 (19)30298-3

Rosen, B., Waitzberg, R., Israeli, A., Hartal, M., & Davidovitch, N. (2021). Addressing vaccine hesitancy and access barriers to achieve persistent progress in Israel’s COVID-19 vaccination program. Israel journal of health policy research, 10(1), 1-20.

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Promoting adherence to interventions and self-management for school-aged children with asthma is important. Utilizing information and communication technology aims at improving adherence. These interventions are “effective for increasing asthma knowledge, reducing activity limitations, improving self-management (e.g., use of action plans, self-efficacy), improving quality of life, and optimizing medication use” (Ramsey et al., 2019). One of the barriers to asthma control is consistency. Children often forget to take their medications, therefore, missing dosages can lessen the efficacy of asthma control. Several interventions include automated text messaging such as reminder text messaging to prevent missed doses and educational interventions such as learning modules (Ramsey et al., 2019). They have shown significant improvement in health outcomes such as asthma control and quality of life. Providers have been continually encouraging the use of information and communication technologies such as digital intervention to enhance self-management for the children (Ramsey et al., 2019).

Nurses can promote the use of these educational resources as well. Children can benefit from watching videos and learning modules to learn more about asthma self-care. Interactive learning experience helps retain interest and increase engagement. When children are involved in their own self-management, they are more likely to adhere to the interventions. For instance, every doctor’s visit, the nurse can provide information on how to access these resources or even have the educational videos playing while the children and parents are waiting to be seen.

References

Ramsey, R., Plevinsky, J., Kollin, S., Gibler, R., Guilbert, T., & Hommel, K. (2019). Systematic Review of Digital Interventions for Pediatric Asthma Management. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7152564/#__ffn_sectitle

My discussion question 1 was to reduce heart failure readmissions by focusing on social determinants of health (SDOH) to promote health and reduce cost (Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. n.d). There are substantial inequalities when it comes to heart failure (HF), SDOH, and readmissions. The point of preventive medicine is to stop people from getting heart disease in the first place, and the best way to do that is to identify those at the highest risk of developing the disease and experiencing the worst outcomes. A standardized risk assessment tool helps determine at-risk for HF failure patients, prior to even them being diagnosed with HF.

In the clinical areas, it is important to identify who is at risk and why, using the vulnerable population conceptual framework. The concept helps with addressing a broader community focus to improve clinicians’ understanding of the factors affecting an individual’s health status (White-Williams.et.al, 2020). Since these SDOHs could vary in nature from lack of education, healthcare access, unemployment, and other social factors, the first step is to identify these risk factors and then address them per individual needs. This takes collaboration from a clinical team of physicians, nurses, case managers, and pharmacy both in inpatient and outpatient avenues.

Nursing can assist in creating an individualized plan of care per patient risk factors and needs and help educate patients and their caregivers. This would improve patient/family understanding of HF and its management and to empower patients to self-manage their HF at home. Furthermore, the educational material should be developed with an equity lens which is clear to understand and is accessible for patient population per their learning style. The material should include visual content to promote memory retention (White-Williams.et.al, 2020).

I do think there is an opportunity for further studies in this area as it is so complex.

References

Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d). Reduce heart failure hospitalizations in adults — HDS‑09. Retrieved from

https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/browse-objectives/heart-disease-and-stroke/reduce-heart-failure-hospitalizations-adults-hds-09

White-Williams C, Rossi LP, Bittner VA, Driscoll A, Durant RW, Granger BB, Graven LJ, Kitko L, Newlin K, Shirey M; American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Council on Epidemiology and Prevention. Addressing Social Determinants of Health in the Care of Patients With Heart Failure: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020 Jun 2;141(22):e841-e863. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000767. Epub 2020 Apr 30. PMID: 323495

In discussion question one, I mentioned about PSA screen test as a good preventive intervention for prostate cancer. Different levels of communication used to propagate the preventive measures. To achieve maximum health results, prevention must be integrated across community and clinical settings. Many preventive services are portable, deliverable in either clinical or community settings. The Affordable Care Act established a new direction for the U.S. health care system that includes an emphasis on preventive services and primary care (Ayres,2017). The large number of men screened in some countries, and the extent of public misperception and scientific contention, makes the communication between men and their GPs about prostate cancer screening especially important. The Consider an offer approach suggests healthcare providers should support people to assess an offer for screening, with a recognition that people may reasonably decline such offers. Consider an offer guides clinicians and patients to consider the source of screening recommendations and professional guidance (Pickles,2018).

References

Ayres, C. G., & Bradley, H. B. (2017). Clinical preventive services. In J. Fitzpatrick (Ed.), Encyclopedia of nursing research (4th ed.). Springer Publishing Company. Credo Reference: https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/spennurres/clinical_preventive_services/0?institutionId=5865

Pickles, K., Carter, S. M., Rychetnik, L., McCaffery, K., & Entwistle, V. A. (2018). Primary goals, information-giving and men’s understanding: a qualitative study of Australian and UK doctors’ varied communication about PSA screening. BMJ open, 8(1), e018009. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018009

Pregnant women are a population that can greatly benefit from the use of better communication technology. It is also very important to make sure that they receive the most accurate and up today information. In many cases pregnant women are vulnerable due to the lack of resources and access to care. This can all depend on a women socioeconomical position. Due to this it can cause women to remain uneducated about their pregnancy and the care that they need to receive. Although this is one reason, according to Brembilla et al. (2019), it is not the only reason. Other reasons such as psychological, genetics, and environmental are other valid reasonings for the pregnant population to be in a vulnerable state (Brembilla et al., 2019). I believe that in order to help facilitate the reduction of cesarean sections among women who have not previously had one, education is key. By educating women it can put them in better positions to manage their pregnancy and hopefully decrease their chance of having a non-emergent c-section. Currently, there are numerous apps and websites that are strictly dedicated to prenatal information and pregnancy knowledge. This is a way that both integrates appropriate information and communication technologies. Another communication technology that can be made available to all pregnant patients is a database that contains all the different resource available to assist pregnant patients. It can help this population get and receive the care that they need. These technologies are out there but they need to be more publicly made available to everyone. By doing this, nursing care can improve because patients are more knowledgeable and can work together with nurses to best advocate for themselves. This enhances the care delivery of these individuals and this population.

Reference:

Brembilla, A., Bernard, N., Pujol, S., Parmentier, A.-L., Eckman, A., Mariet, A.-S., Houot, H., Tenailleau, Q., Thiriez, G., Riethmuller, D., Barba-Vasseur, M., & Mauny, F. (2019). Pregnancy vulnerability in urban areas: A pragmatic approach combining behavioral, medico-obstetrical, socio-economic and environmental factors. Scientific Reports, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55005-0

The electronic health record (EHR), immunization information systems, and social media can be used to integrate appropriate information and communication technologies for the clinical preventative intervention of vaccinations. Healthcare providers, including nurses, can use the electronic health record (EHR) to track and remind patients when vaccines are due. It can also be used to identify populations with low vaccine rates for targeted interventions. Children are given routine vaccines at well-child visits. This time can be used to educate parents and guardians about the importance of vaccines, address vaccine hesitancy by discussing questions and providing handouts, and ensure they understand the vaccine schedule and when future vaccines are due. In addition, government websites, such as the Washington State Immunization Information System (WAIIS) can be used by healthcare providers and patients to track vaccine status and due dates (Washington State Department of Health, n.d.).

In their textbook, Nash et al. (2019) found that social media plays a significant role in the culture of health in the US. For example, Facebook has been linked to the anti-vaccine movement, leading to distrust in the government and vaccine safety. Social media could be a tool used by healthcare professionals to influence population health. However, “influencers” such as on Instagram, have shown that their informal, interpersonal style is more effective than the more serious tone with facts and statistics that is used by health promotion organizations. A study by Yang et al. (2021) found that about half of the COVID-19 vaccine information between a specific timeframe on Facebook contained misinformation and the other half were fact-checking posts. They found that the fact-checking posts which repeated the original false claim and included correct information were more effective than posts with just factual information. Nurses and healthcare providers must be strategic within their organizations to foster trust and use social media strategically to promote vaccines. Overall, by using appropriate information and communication technologies, healthcare providers can improve vaccine rates and thus promote better health outcomes for individuals and populations.

References

Nash, D. B., Fabius, R. J., Skoufalos, A., Clarke, J. L., & Horowitz, M. R. (2019). Population health: Creating a culture of wellness (3rd ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Washington State Department of Health. (n.d.). Washington State Immunization Information System. https://doh.wa.gov/public-health-healthcare-providers/healthcare-professions-and-facilities/data-exchange-0/immunization-information-system

Yang, A., Shin, J., Zhou, A., Huang-Isherwood, K., Lee, E., Dong, C., Kim, H.M., Zhang, Y., Sun, J., Li, Y., Nan, Y., Zhen, L., & Liu, W. (2021). The battleground of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on Facebook: Fact checkers vs. misinformation spreaders. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, 2(4). https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-78

Obesity in Pregnancy has been related to many complications, and exercise in pregnancy has been shown to reduce the effects of obesity on the newborn (Reichetzeder, 2021). Patients are more accommodating when they realize the why behind the intervention. Enhancing maternal health is a major priority for the Department of Health and Human Services, as education on obesity and the use of exercise to prevent this complication (ODPHP, n.d.). Education to the patient on the why and how to fight the importance of exercise in pregnancy can share the information with patients. Education of mothers on the importance of physical activity and the action plan to guide them to safe physical activity can be successful. The more your way campaign is a multichannel communication campaign to promote the physical activity guidelines for pregnancy (ODPHP, n.d.).

Nursing education to patients should be considered their educational level, culture, and language as well as be offered in many ways to guarantee the information is available easily. The more your approach program is printed material and includes videos, social medial support, and an interactive tool for exercise. Understanding the method patients access information to educate and support healthcare promotion is how the program will be the most successful. Nurses are the most trusted profession with a teaching intervention that established this trust and offers supportive information on the disease process. Prevention becomes a powerful tool that will lead to enhanced health promotion for mothers and babies.

Reference

ODPHP. (n.d.). New Move your way Material emphasizes the importance of physical activity during and after pregnancy. Health.gov. https://health.gov/news/202012/new-move-your-way-materials-emphasize-importance-physical-activity-during-and-after-pregnancy

Reichetzeder, C. (2021). Overweight and obesity in pregnancy: Their impact on epigenetics. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-021-00905-6

NUR 550 Discuss how to integrate appropriate information and communication technologies for the clinical preventative intervention in DQ 1 to improve nursing practice and care delivery for individuals and populations