NRS 434 Choose two at-risk health issues that regular physical exercise and activity can help prevent and manage

Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are the two health conditions that regular physical activity and exercise can help avoid and manage in middle-aged persons. Like an epidemic, type 2 diabetes has expanded widely in recent years. In 2019, researchers estimated that around 463 million adults worldwide had this condition (CDC, 2019). Type 2 diabetes must be stopped and controlled with regular exercise. Regular exercise improves how your body uses insulin, helps you lose weight, and increases the amount of glucose your muscles can absorb.Middle-aged adults should strive to engage in activities like brisk walking, dancing, or cycling for at least 150 minutes each week. They should spread these exercises three days a week and complement them with strength.

Cardiac diseases have become a leading cause of death around the world. They cause about 17.9 million deaths every year (CDC, 2019). Preventive measures are essential because our society has many heart and stroke cases. Regular physical activity has decreased the chances of getting these health problems by lowering blood pressure, enhancing cholesterol levels, and keeping a good weight. Aerobic exercises like fast walking, running, swimming, or cycling for at least 150 minutes weekly can significantly lower the chances of getting Cardiac disease.

As a nurse, I would take various steps to help patients, including exercise and physical activity. One of these measures will entail educating them. I will share with them factual information about how exercise and physical activity help prevent and manage heart diseases. For example, I will give them facts-based information that shows how exercise and physical activity can help stop and control type 2 diabetes. This could involve describing how our bodies work, telling inspiring stories of achievement, and correcting misunderstandings (Cairney et al., 2019. In addition, I would also incorporate an individualized approach. I will create a personalized workout schedule that matches their abilities, way of living, and things they enjoy. This would enable me to think about their physical restrictions, everyday schedule, and access to places or things for physical activity.

Cairney, J., Dudley, D., Kwan, M., Bulten, R., & Kriellaars, D. (2019). Physical literacy, physical activity and health: Toward an evidence-informed conceptual model. Sports Medicine, 49, 371-383.Retrieved on 28 June 2023 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331028804_Physical_Literacy_Physical_Activity_and_Health_Toward_an_Evidence-Informed_Conceptual_Model

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2019). Physical Activity and Health. Retrieved on 28 June 2023 from https://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/basics/pa-health/index.htm

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Regular exercises help to prevent many long-lasting conditions, regular physical activity can also help to make life better for people who have them. A complete program includes exercise that raises the heart rate, builds muscle and helps keep joints moving well. Exercise that raises the heart rate is known as aerobic exercise. It can help improve heart health, stamina and weight control. Strength training, such as lifting weights, can improve muscle strength. Strength training can make it easier to do daily activities. It can slow disease-related losses of muscle strength. And it can help keep joints stable. Flexibility exercises, such as stretching, can help joints keep moving, so they can work well. Balance exercises might help lower the risk of falls (Myo clinic, 2023).

Myo clinic, (2023). retrieved on July 7, 2023, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/health/

Physical exercise has lot of benefits in patients with cardiovascular problems.

Benefits of Regular Exercise on Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Increase in exercise tolerance
Reduction in body weight
Reduction in blood pressure
Reduction in bad (LDL and total) cholesterol
Increase in good (HDL) cholesterol
Increase in insulin sensitivity

There are a number of physiological benefits of exercise; 2 examples are improvements in muscular function and strength and improvement in the body’s ability to take in and use oxygen (maximal oxygen consumption or aerobic capacity). As one’s ability to transport and use oxygen improves, regular daily activities can be performed with less fatigue. This is particularly important for patients with cardiovascular disease, whose exercise capacity is typically lower than that of healthy individuals. There is also evidence that exercise training improves the capacity of the blood vessels to dilate in response to exercise or hormones, consistent with better vascular wall function and an improved ability to provide oxygen to the muscles during exercise. Studies measuring muscular strength and flexibility before and after exercise programs suggest that there are improvements in bone health and ability to perform daily activities, as well as a lower likelihood of developing back pain and of disability, particularly in older age groups.

NRS 434 Choose two at-risk health issues that regular physical exercise and activity can help prevent and manage

References

Pate RR, Pratt MP, Blair SN, et al. Physical activity and public health: a recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine. JAMA,. 1995; 273: 402–407.

Middle-aged adults’ common high risk diseases in my option are diabetes and obesity. In recent years obesity has been increasing in the U.S.A primarily due to poor diet (processed foods, high carbs, sugar) and of course lack of exercise. This leads to diabetes type 2 in middle aged adults due to excessive sugar in the body. Exercise recommended for adults is staying active everyday, going for a 30min walk, muscle toning 30-45 mins 3-4 times a week. Limit processed foods, and sugar and choose whole grains for carbs. And do 1 cup of carbs and larger size of proteins and veggies. Joining a program such as Noom, or weight watches to help conquer obesity and DM 2

There are FDA approved drugs now available by Rx to help control appetite that can work for weight loss (phentremin, and semaglutide) must be under a doctor’s care in order to take the drugs.

Good evidence-based treatments include counseling and behavioral approaches programs such as pre-prepared low energy meals, meal replacement, and bariatric surgery (the most effective for long term weight loss). Medication can be useful in some settings. Limited data suggests commercial diets and self help may be of some benefit. All successful strategies include some form of lifestyle change resulting in a reduction in weight loss program Small weight losses result in big reductions in disease risk.

Reference:

Goldstein DJ. Beneficial health effects of modest weight loss, Int J Obes 1992:16:397-415.

DeFronzo RA: Pharmacologic therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med

I agree that obesity and diabetes mellitus 2 are very common health issues among middle aged adults. you mentioned many great opportunities for people to conquer both of those issues, along with weight loss. I have noticed that most of the patients that I get at work have more than one health condition and almost always have diabetes mellitus 2 or hypertension. The foods that are consumed play a huge factor in health as well as one’s activity level. I like that you mentioned counseling as sometimes eating behaviors can be more that what we seem. There may be an emotional aspect to it and to be able to conquer their condition, they must deal with whatever is contributing to the eating behaviors.

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NRS 434 Choose two at-risk health issues that regular physical exercise and activity can help prevent and manage