HLT 362 Article Analysis and Evaluation of Research Ethics
HLT 362 Article Analysis and Evaluation of Research Ethics
HLT 362 Article Analysis and Evaluation of Research Ethics
Article analysis involves consideration of different factors, including methodology, the process of data collection, data analysis, sampling process, and the conclusion or the research findings. The validity and applicability of quantitative research depend on the accuracy of the methodology, data collection, and data analysis. The quantitative article selected for this analysis is, Impact of Sleep Characteristics and Obesity on Diabetes and Hypertension across Genders and Menopausal Status by Matsumoto et al. (2018). The article investigates the effects of sleep characteristics and obesity on high blood pressure and obesity. The article adheres to the quantitative approaches; it incorporates methodology, hypothesis, research questions, sampling processes, data analysis, and findings. The purpose of this assignment is to undertake article analysis and evaluation of the research ethics.
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Article Analysis and Evaluation of Research Ethics
| Article Citation and Permalink (APA format) | Matsumoto, T., Murase, K., Tabara, Y., Gozal, D., Smith, D., Minami, T., … & Chin, K. (2018). Impact of sleep characteristics and obesity on diabetes and hypertension across genders and menopausal status: the Nagahama study. Sleep, 41(7), zsy071. Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsy071 |
| Point | Description |
| Broad Topic Area/Title | The effect of sleep characteristics and obesity on diabetes and hypertension across genders and menopausal status |
| Problem Statement (What is the problem research is addressing?) | The main problem being addressed in the research study is the increased hypertension and diabetes due to obesity and sleep characteristics. |
| Purpose Statement (What is the purpose of the study?) | The purpose of the study is to determine the potential relationships between sleep disordered breathing, obesity, objective sleep duration, and high blood pressure for different genders, as well as the impacts of pre or post-menopausal status. |
| Research Questions (What questions does the research seek to answer?) | Is there a strong relationship between sleep disordered breathing, obesity, objective sleep duration, and high blood pressure for different genders? Is there positive impacts between sleep disordered breathing, obesity, objective sleep duration, and high blood pressure on pre or post-menopausal status? |
| Define Hypothesis (Or state the correct hypothesis based upon variables used) | Null Hypothesis (HO): There is no strong correlation between sleep disordered breathing, obesity, objective sleep duration, and high blood pressure for different genders Alternative Hypothesis (H1): There is a strong correlation between sleep disordered breathing, obesity, objective sleep duration, and high blood pressure for different genders |
| Identify Dependent and Independent Variables and Type of Data for the Variables | Independent variable: blood pressure (continuous variable) Dependent variable: breathing rates, body weight, and sleep duration (continuous variable) |
| Population of Interest for Study | The population of interest in the study included middle-aged to elderly citizens. |
| Sample | A large sample size of 9850 was used in the study. |
| Sampling Method | Simple random sampling was used in the study process. |
| Identify Data Collection Identify how data were collected | The data used in the study was collected by the use of questionnaires. Each participant had a questionnaire where detail of body weight, breathing rates, sleep duration, and blood pressure were recorded. |
| Summarize Data Collection Approach | The process of data collection involved administration of questionnaires to the identified research participants. Healthcare professionals were involved in the measurement and determination of blood pressure, body weight, breathing rates, and sleep duration. |
| Discuss Data Analysis Include what types of statistical tests were used for the variables. | Descriptive statistics including mean, median, and mode were used to determine the distribution of variables involved in the study processes. For instance, the mean age of men with normal blood pressure was 56.1 years with a standard deviation of 12.4 years. Also, given that this was a correlation research, correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Strong correlation between variables were found to be greater than 0.5. In other words, there were strong relationship between the variables under the study. Student t-test and Mann–Whitney U-tests were also used to determine or assess the group difference. |
| Summarize Results of Study | Severity of sleep disordered breathing or obesity was strongly related to the shorter sleep duration. Besides, SDB showed a significant association with systematic high blood pressure, particularly in men. The severity of SDB strongly related to diabetes, however, this was only evident in women. There was no significant association between short sleep duration and diabetes. |
| Summary of Assumptions and Limitations Identify the assumptions and limitations from the article. Report other potential assumptions and limitations of your review not listed by the author. | Assumption of normality of data was applied in the study. In other words, it was assumed that the dataset used was normally distributed. Additionally, it was assumed that the study was undertaken under perfect environment where all the factors were constant. Limitation of the study was based on the time consumption and cost of operation. Also, there was difficulty in determining or verifying authentic and applicable information. |
Ethical Considerations
The success of the quantitative research process relies on adherence to ethical practices. Besides, for research outcomes to be considered valid and applicable, there is the need for ethical consideration in undertaking different processes or procedures in the course of the study (Alderson & Morrow, 2020). Ethical practices often start from the planning, data collection, data analysis, and at the point of data presentation. Confidentiality of information is one of the ethical considerations that must be considered in the course of quantitative research (Edwards, 2020). While designing quantitative studies, there is always the need to consider processes and procedures that will ensure the security of data/information collected. In the above research study, the confidentiality of information was observed at all levels; therefore, the outcome of the research can be considered valid, applicable, and reliable (Yang et al., 2020). In the process of data collection, the respondents or participants were recognized by the unique codes assigned before the data collection processes. This aids in the protection of personal information that was captured. In general, the confidentiality of information collected was achieved through the use of coded language.
The signing of consent is another ethical practice that ought to be considered in the course of research processes. While recruiting study respondents, there is the need for the researchers to consider their willingness to take part in the study and to give relevant information that can be used to enhance the reliability of outcomes (Ingels et al., 2017). In the above study, research participants were involved in signing consent to confirm their readiness to give appropriate information/data. There was no form of coercion, those who found it difficult to give their personal information were dropped at the initial stages of the research. Also, those who changed their minds in the course of the study were dropped, and this led to the change in the sample size.
Conclusion
The outcomes/findings of the quantitative research are valid, applicable, and reliable given the approaches that were taken in the study. Researchers adhered to ethical practices while planning and undertaking data collection processes. Confidentiality of information is one of the ethical considerations that was considered in the course of quantitative research. Seeking consent is another ethical procedure that was considered in the research process. Although the research outcomes were valid, reliable, and applicable, the entire research process proved to be expensive and time-consuming.
References
Alderson, P., & Morrow, V. (2020). The ethics of research with children and young people: A practical handbook. Sage.
Edwards, J. R. (2020). The peaceful coexistence of ethics and quantitative research. Journal of Business Ethics, 167(1), 31-40. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-019-04197-6
Ingels, J. S., Misra, R., Stewart, J., Lucke-Wold, B., & Shawley-Brzoska, S. (2017). The effect of adherence to dietary tracking on weight loss: using HLM to model weight loss over time. Journal of diabetes research, 2017. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jdr/2017/6951495/
Yang, L., Magnussen, C. G., Yang, L., Bovet, P., & Xi, B. (2020). Elevated blood pressure in childhood or adolescence and cardiovascular outcomes in adulthood: a systematic review. Hypertension, 75(4), 948-955. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14168